Permito

Road signs and what they mean

Permito teaches 127 U.S. road signs from the federal Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), in 6 groups. Each sign is shown below with its name and what it tells a driver. Open a group to see how its signs look alike and what to do when you meet them.

The sign groups

  • Regulatory signs

    Regulatory signs state a rule for that stretch of road, such as stop, yield, speed limit, turns and passing. Regulatory signs: 39 signs.

  • Warning signs

    Warning signs tell you about a hazard or a change in the road ahead, such as a curve, a merge, a crossing or a slippery road. Warning signs: 52 signs.

  • School signs

    School signs mark a school zone, a school crossing or a school bus stop where children may be walking or crossing. School signs: 4 signs.

  • Work zone signs

    Work zone signs tell you that road work is ahead and how traffic is being moved around it. Work zone signs: 16 signs.

  • Railroad signs

    Railroad signs mark a place where the road crosses train tracks and tell you how to behave there. Railroad signs: 7 signs.

  • Guide and service signs

    Guide and service signs help you find your way and the services nearby, such as a rest area, fuel, food or a hospital. Guide and service signs: 9 signs.

Every sign

Regulatory signs

  • Stop sign, MUTCD R1-1

    Stop

    Drivers must come to a complete stop and wait until it is safe and their turn to go.

    MUTCD code R1-1

  • Yield sign, MUTCD R1-2

    Yield

    Drivers must slow down, give way to traffic and pedestrians that have the right of way, and stop if needed.

    MUTCD code R1-2

  • All Way plaque sign, MUTCD R1-3P

    All Way plaque

    This plaque under a stop sign tells drivers that traffic from every direction must stop.

    MUTCD code R1-3P

  • Speed Limit sign, MUTCD R2-1

    Speed Limit

    This sign shows the maximum speed allowed on that road in good conditions.

    MUTCD code R2-1

  • No Right Turn sign, MUTCD R3-1

    No Right Turn

    Drivers may not turn right at this place.

    MUTCD code R3-1

  • No Left Turn sign, MUTCD R3-2

    No Left Turn

    Drivers may not turn left at this place.

    MUTCD code R3-2

  • No U-Turn sign, MUTCD R3-4

    No U-Turn

    Drivers may not turn around to go back the way they came.

    MUTCD code R3-4

  • No U-Turn or Left Turn sign, MUTCD R3-18

    No U-Turn or Left Turn

    Drivers may not make a U-turn and may not turn left at this place.

    MUTCD code R3-18

  • No Turns sign, MUTCD R3-3

    No Turns

    Drivers may not turn left or right at this place.

    MUTCD code R3-3

  • Bike Lane sign, MUTCD R3-17

    Bike Lane

    A lane marked for bicycle riders. Other drivers should not use it for driving.

    MUTCD code R3-17

  • Do Not Pass sign, MUTCD R4-1

    Do Not Pass

    Drivers may not pass other vehicles in this zone.

    MUTCD code R4-1

  • Pass With Care sign, MUTCD R4-2

    Pass With Care

    The no-passing zone has ended. Drivers may pass if it is safe.

    MUTCD code R4-2

  • Slower Traffic Keep Right sign, MUTCD R4-3

    Slower Traffic Keep Right

    Slower vehicles should stay in the right lane so faster traffic can pass on the left.

    MUTCD code R4-3

  • Keep Right Except to Pass sign, MUTCD R4-16

    Keep Right Except to Pass

    On a road with two lanes in one direction, drive in the right lane except when passing another vehicle.

    MUTCD code R4-16

  • Keep Right sign, MUTCD R4-7

    Keep Right

    There is an obstacle or island ahead. Drivers must pass it on the right side.

    MUTCD code R4-7

  • Keep Left sign, MUTCD R4-8

    Keep Left

    There is an obstacle or island ahead. Drivers must pass it on the left side.

    MUTCD code R4-8

  • Stay in Lane sign, MUTCD R4-9

    Stay in Lane

    Drivers must stay in their lane and not switch lanes in this area.

    MUTCD code R4-9

  • Do Not Enter sign, MUTCD R5-1

    Do Not Enter

    Drivers may not enter this road or ramp from this direction.

    MUTCD code R5-1

  • Wrong Way sign, MUTCD R5-1a

    Wrong Way

    Drivers are heading the wrong way on a one-way road or ramp.

    MUTCD code R5-1a

  • No Trucks sign, MUTCD R5-2

    No Trucks

    Trucks may not use this road.

    MUTCD code R5-2

  • No Motor Vehicles sign, MUTCD R5-3

    No Motor Vehicles

    Cars, trucks and other motor vehicles may not use this road or path.

    MUTCD code R5-3

  • No Bicycles sign, MUTCD R5-6

    No Bicycles

    Bicycle riders may not use this road or path.

    MUTCD code R5-6

  • No Pedestrian Crossing sign, MUTCD R9-3

    No Pedestrian Crossing

    Pedestrians may not cross the road at this place.

    MUTCD code R9-3

  • No Hitchhiking sign, MUTCD R9-4

    No Hitchhiking

    People may not stand in the road to ask drivers for a ride.

    MUTCD code R9-4

  • One Way sign, MUTCD R6-1

    One Way

    Traffic on this road may move only in the direction of the arrow.

    MUTCD code R6-1

  • Reserved Parking sign, MUTCD R7-8

    Reserved Parking

    This space is reserved for vehicles with a disability permit or plate.

    MUTCD code R7-8

  • No Parking sign, MUTCD R8-3

    No Parking

    Drivers may not park in this area. The sign may show times or limits.

    MUTCD code R8-3

  • No Stopping on Pavement sign, MUTCD R8-5

    No Stopping on Pavement

    Drivers may not stop on the pavement. Use the shoulder if you must stop.

    MUTCD code R8-5

  • Stop Here on Red sign, MUTCD R10-6

    Stop Here on Red

    When the signal is red, drivers must stop at the stop line and not go past it.

    MUTCD code R10-6

  • No Turn on Red sign, MUTCD R10-11

    No Turn on Red

    Drivers may not turn on a red light at this place, even if turns on red are normally allowed.

    MUTCD code R10-11

  • Left Turn Yield on Green sign, MUTCD R10-12

    Left Turn Yield on Green

    A driver turning left on a green light must give way to oncoming traffic.

    MUTCD code R10-12

  • Turning Traffic Must Yield to Pedestrians sign, MUTCD R10-15

    Turning Traffic Must Yield to Pedestrians

    Drivers who turn must give way to people walking in the crosswalk.

    MUTCD code R10-15

  • Road Closed sign, MUTCD R11-2

    Road Closed

    The road is closed to all traffic.

    MUTCD code R11-2

  • Road Closed to Through Traffic sign, MUTCD R11-4

    Road Closed to Through Traffic

    The road is closed to through traffic. Only people going to places along it may enter.

    MUTCD code R11-4

  • Sidewalk Closed sign, MUTCD R9-9

    Sidewalk Closed

    People on foot may not use this sidewalk.

    MUTCD code R9-9

  • Weight Limit sign, MUTCD R12-1

    Weight Limit

    Vehicles heavier than the posted weight may not use this road or bridge.

    MUTCD code R12-1

  • Truck Weigh Station sign, MUTCD R13-1

    Truck Weigh Station

    Trucks and commercial vehicles must pull into the weigh station ahead.

    MUTCD code R13-1

  • Two-Way Left Turn Only sign, MUTCD R3-9a

    Two-Way Left Turn Only

    The center lane is shared by traffic from both directions and is used only for left turns.

    MUTCD code R3-9a

  • Yield to Bikes at Turn Lane sign, MUTCD R4-4

    Yield to Bikes at Turn Lane

    Where a right-turn lane starts, drivers must yield to bicycle riders going straight.

    MUTCD code R4-4

Warning signs

  • Right Turn sign, MUTCD W1-1R

    Right Turn

    The road ahead makes a sharp turn to the right.

    MUTCD code W1-1R

  • Left Turn sign, MUTCD W1-1L

    Left Turn

    The road ahead makes a sharp turn to the left.

    MUTCD code W1-1L

  • Right Curve sign, MUTCD W1-2R

    Right Curve

    The road ahead curves to the right.

    MUTCD code W1-2R

  • Left Curve sign, MUTCD W1-2L

    Left Curve

    The road ahead curves to the left.

    MUTCD code W1-2L

  • Reverse Turn sign, MUTCD W1-3R

    Reverse Turn

    Two turns in opposite directions are ahead. The first is to the right.

    MUTCD code W1-3R

  • Reverse Curve sign, MUTCD W1-4R

    Reverse Curve

    Two curves in opposite directions are ahead. The first is to the right.

    MUTCD code W1-4R

  • Winding Road sign, MUTCD W1-5R

    Winding Road

    The road ahead has three or more curves in a row.

    MUTCD code W1-5R

  • One-Direction Large Arrow sign, MUTCD W1-6

    One-Direction Large Arrow

    A wide black arrow shows drivers which way the road turns at a sharp curve.

    MUTCD code W1-6

  • Two-Direction Large Arrow sign, MUTCD W1-7

    Two-Direction Large Arrow

    A black arrow with two heads shows drivers they can only go left or right at a T-shaped end.

    MUTCD code W1-7

  • Chevron Alignment sign, MUTCD W1-8

    Chevron Alignment

    Chevrons placed along a curve show the path of the road. They help drivers see the curve at night.

    MUTCD code W1-8

  • Crossroad sign, MUTCD W2-1

    Crossroad

    A road crosses this road ahead, so there is an intersection with four ways.

    MUTCD code W2-1

  • Side Road sign, MUTCD W2-2R

    Side Road

    A smaller road joins this road from the right ahead.

    MUTCD code W2-2R

  • Side Road (Left) sign, MUTCD W2-2L

    Side Road (Left)

    A smaller road joins this road from the left ahead.

    MUTCD code W2-2L

  • T Intersection sign, MUTCD W2-4

    T Intersection

    The road you are on ends at another road. You must turn left or right.

    MUTCD code W2-4

  • Y Intersection sign, MUTCD W2-5

    Y Intersection

    The road ahead forks into two roads that angle away from each other.

    MUTCD code W2-5

  • Circular Intersection sign, MUTCD W2-6

    Circular Intersection

    A circular intersection (roundabout) is ahead. Traffic moves around a center island.

    MUTCD code W2-6

  • Stop Ahead sign, MUTCD W3-1

    Stop Ahead

    A stop sign is coming up that you may not see in time.

    MUTCD code W3-1

  • Yield Ahead sign, MUTCD W3-2

    Yield Ahead

    A yield sign is coming up.

    MUTCD code W3-2

  • Signal Ahead sign, MUTCD W3-3

    Signal Ahead

    A traffic signal is coming up that you may not see in time.

    MUTCD code W3-3

  • Reduced Speed Limit Ahead sign, MUTCD W3-5

    Reduced Speed Limit Ahead

    The posted speed limit will be lower ahead.

    MUTCD code W3-5

  • Merge sign, MUTCD W4-1R

    Merge

    A lane from the right joins your road ahead.

    MUTCD code W4-1R

  • Lane Ends sign, MUTCD W4-2R

    Lane Ends

    The right lane will end, and traffic in it must move left.

    MUTCD code W4-2R

  • Added Lane sign, MUTCD W4-3R

    Added Lane

    A lane is added on the right, and traffic from a side road may use it.

    MUTCD code W4-3R

  • Road Narrows sign, MUTCD W5-1

    Road Narrows

    The pavement becomes narrower ahead.

    MUTCD code W5-1

  • Narrow Bridge sign, MUTCD W5-2

    Narrow Bridge

    The bridge ahead is not as wide as the road.

    MUTCD code W5-2

  • One Lane Bridge sign, MUTCD W5-3

    One Lane Bridge

    Traffic from both directions must take turns to cross the bridge.

    MUTCD code W5-3

  • Divided Highway sign, MUTCD W6-1

    Divided Highway

    Ahead, the road splits into two roadways separated by a median.

    MUTCD code W6-1

  • Divided Highway Ends sign, MUTCD W6-2

    Divided Highway Ends

    The divided road ends, and traffic will use one two-way road.

    MUTCD code W6-2

  • Two-Way Traffic sign, MUTCD W6-3

    Two-Way Traffic

    A one-way road or divided road ahead becomes a road with traffic in both directions.

    MUTCD code W6-3

  • Hill sign, MUTCD W7-1

    Hill

    A steep downgrade is ahead, so trucks and other vehicles may need low gears.

    MUTCD code W7-1

  • Bump sign, MUTCD W8-1

    Bump

    A bump or raised spot is in the road ahead.

    MUTCD code W8-1

  • Dip sign, MUTCD W8-2

    Dip

    The road dips down ahead, and water may collect there.

    MUTCD code W8-2

  • Pavement Ends sign, MUTCD W8-3

    Pavement Ends

    The paved surface ends ahead and the road becomes gravel or dirt.

    MUTCD code W8-3

  • Soft Shoulder sign, MUTCD W8-4

    Soft Shoulder

    The shoulder is soft and may not hold a vehicle.

    MUTCD code W8-4

  • Slippery When Wet sign, MUTCD W8-5

    Slippery When Wet

    The road becomes slippery when it is wet.

    MUTCD code W8-5

  • Loose Gravel sign, MUTCD W8-7

    Loose Gravel

    The road surface has loose gravel that can make tires slip or throw stones.

    MUTCD code W8-7

  • Low Shoulder sign, MUTCD W8-9

    Low Shoulder

    The shoulder is lower than the road surface.

    MUTCD code W8-9

  • Uneven Lanes sign, MUTCD W8-11

    Uneven Lanes

    The surface of one lane is higher than the next lane.

    MUTCD code W8-11

  • Bicycle Crossing sign, MUTCD W11-1

    Bicycle Crossing

    Bicycle riders may be in or crossing the road ahead.

    MUTCD code W11-1

  • Pedestrian Crossing sign, MUTCD W11-2

    Pedestrian Crossing

    Pedestrians may cross the road ahead.

    MUTCD code W11-2

  • Deer Crossing sign, MUTCD W11-3

    Deer Crossing

    Deer often cross the road in this area.

    MUTCD code W11-3

  • Cattle Crossing sign, MUTCD W11-4

    Cattle Crossing

    Farm animals such as cattle may cross or be on the road.

    MUTCD code W11-4

  • Farm Machinery sign, MUTCD W11-5

    Farm Machinery

    Slow farm equipment may be on or crossing the road.

    MUTCD code W11-5

  • Fire Station sign, MUTCD W11-8

    Fire Station

    A fire station is ahead, so emergency vehicles may enter the road.

    MUTCD code W11-8

  • Truck Crossing sign, MUTCD W11-10

    Truck Crossing

    Trucks often enter or cross the road ahead.

    MUTCD code W11-10

  • Double Arrow sign, MUTCD W12-1

    Double Arrow

    The road is split by an obstacle. Traffic may pass on either side.

    MUTCD code W12-1

  • Advisory Speed sign, MUTCD W13-1P

    Advisory Speed

    This plaque under a warning sign gives the speed that is comfortable for the hazard ahead. It is advice, not the speed limit.

    MUTCD code W13-1P

  • Dead End sign, MUTCD W14-1

    Dead End

    The road has no through route at its end.

    MUTCD code W14-1

  • No Outlet sign, MUTCD W14-2

    No Outlet

    The side road does not connect to any other road.

    MUTCD code W14-2

  • No Passing Zone sign, MUTCD W14-3

    No Passing Zone

    This pennant on the left side of the road marks the start of a zone where passing is not allowed.

    MUTCD code W14-3

  • Speed Hump sign, MUTCD W17-1

    Speed Hump

    A speed hump is ahead to slow traffic.

    MUTCD code W17-1

  • No Traffic Signs sign, MUTCD W18-1

    No Traffic Signs

    The road ahead has no traffic signs or signals, so drivers must use extra care.

    MUTCD code W18-1

School signs

  • School sign, MUTCD S1-1

    School

    The sign marks a school zone or school crossing. Children may be walking or crossing.

    MUTCD code S1-1

  • Downward Diagonal Arrow sign, MUTCD W16-7P

    Downward Diagonal Arrow

    This plaque under a school sign points down to the exact crosswalk.

    MUTCD code W16-7P

  • Ahead Plaque sign, MUTCD W16-9P

    Ahead Plaque

    This plaque under a warning sign tells drivers the hazard is just ahead.

    MUTCD code W16-9P

  • School Bus Stop Ahead sign, MUTCD S3-1

    School Bus Stop Ahead

    A school bus may stop ahead to pick up or let off children.

    MUTCD code S3-1

Work zone signs

  • Road Work Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-1

    Road Work Ahead

    A work zone is ahead, with workers and equipment near the road.

    MUTCD code W20-1

  • Detour Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-2

    Detour Ahead

    The usual road is closed ahead and traffic is sent along another route.

    MUTCD code W20-2

  • Road Closed Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-3

    Road Closed Ahead

    The road is closed ahead, so drivers need to plan another route.

    MUTCD code W20-3

  • One Lane Road Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-4

    One Lane Road Ahead

    Only one lane is open ahead, and traffic from both directions takes turns.

    MUTCD code W20-4

  • Right Lane Closed Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-5R

    Right Lane Closed Ahead

    The right lane is closed ahead, so those drivers must move left.

    MUTCD code W20-5R

  • Flagger Ahead sign, MUTCD W20-7

    Flagger Ahead

    A person with a flag or paddle is directing traffic ahead.

    MUTCD code W20-7

  • Workers sign, MUTCD W21-1

    Workers

    Road workers are close to the traffic lanes.

    MUTCD code W21-1

  • Fresh Oil sign, MUTCD W21-2

    Fresh Oil

    The road has been treated with fresh oil or tar and may be slippery or messy.

    MUTCD code W21-2

  • Road Machinery Ahead sign, MUTCD W21-3

    Road Machinery Ahead

    Heavy road machines are working ahead.

    MUTCD code W21-3

  • Right Shoulder Closed sign, MUTCD W21-5R

    Right Shoulder Closed

    Work is taking place on the right shoulder, so it is not available.

    MUTCD code W21-5R

  • Utility Work Ahead sign, MUTCD W21-7

    Utility Work Ahead

    Crews who fix power or water lines are working ahead.

    MUTCD code W21-7

  • Blasting Zone Ahead sign, MUTCD W22-1

    Blasting Zone Ahead

    Explosives are used ahead. Radio transmitters can set them off.

    MUTCD code W22-1

  • Slow Traffic Ahead sign, MUTCD W23-1

    Slow Traffic Ahead

    Traffic ahead is slow or stopped because of work.

    MUTCD code W23-1

  • End Road Work sign, MUTCD G20-2

    End Road Work

    This sign marks the end of the work zone.

    MUTCD code G20-2

  • Pilot Car Follow Me sign, MUTCD G20-4

    Pilot Car Follow Me

    A pilot car leads traffic through a single lane in the work zone.

    MUTCD code G20-4

  • Road Closed, Local Traffic Only sign, MUTCD R11-3a

    Road Closed, Local Traffic Only

    The road ahead is closed, except for people who live or work along it.

    MUTCD code R11-3a

Railroad signs

  • Railroad Crossing (Crossbuck) sign, MUTCD R15-1

    Railroad Crossing (Crossbuck)

    The road crosses railroad tracks. Drivers must give way to trains.

    MUTCD code R15-1

  • Number of Tracks sign, MUTCD R15-2P

    Number of Tracks

    This plaque under a crossbuck gives the number of railroad tracks at the crossing.

    MUTCD code R15-2P

  • Exempt sign, MUTCD R15-3P

    Exempt

    This plaque tells certain vehicles, such as school buses, that they are not required to stop at the crossing.

    MUTCD code R15-3P

  • Do Not Stop on Tracks sign, MUTCD R8-8

    Do Not Stop on Tracks

    Drivers must not stop with any part of the vehicle on the railroad tracks.

    MUTCD code R8-8

  • Tracks Out of Service sign, MUTCD R8-9

    Tracks Out of Service

    The tracks at this crossing are not in use at this time.

    MUTCD code R8-9

  • Stop Here When Flashing sign, MUTCD R8-10

    Stop Here When Flashing

    When the crossing lights are flashing, drivers must stop at this sign.

    MUTCD code R8-10

  • Railroad Crossing Ahead sign, MUTCD W10-1

    Railroad Crossing Ahead

    A railroad crossing is coming up. Be ready to slow down or stop for a train.

    MUTCD code W10-1

Guide and service signs

  • Telephone sign, MUTCD D9-1

    Telephone

    The service sign shows that a telephone is available nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-1

  • Hospital sign, MUTCD D9-2

    Hospital

    The service sign shows that a hospital with emergency care is nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-2

  • Camping sign, MUTCD D9-3

    Camping

    The service sign shows that a campground is available nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-3

  • Gas sign, MUTCD D9-7

    Gas

    The service sign shows that a gas station is nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-7

  • Food sign, MUTCD D9-8

    Food

    The service sign shows that a restaurant is nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-8

  • Lodging sign, MUTCD D9-9

    Lodging

    The service sign shows that a hotel or motel is nearby.

    MUTCD code D9-9

  • Tourist Information sign, MUTCD D9-10

    Tourist Information

    The service sign shows that tourist information is available.

    MUTCD code D9-10

  • Rest Area sign, MUTCD D5-1

    Rest Area

    A rest area with places to stop and rest is ahead.

    MUTCD code D5-1

  • Street Name sign, MUTCD D3-1

    Street Name

    A green sign with white letters tells the name of a street.

    MUTCD code D3-1

Where the pictures come from

The sign pictures are U.S. federal artwork in the public domain, taken from Wikimedia Commons. The names and meanings are Permito’s own plain-language wording of each MUTCD sign.

Common questions

How many road signs does Permito cover?

Permito covers 127 road signs from the federal MUTCD, in 6 groups: regulatory signs (39), warning signs (52), school signs (4), work zone signs (16), railroad signs (7) and guide and service signs (9).

Which road signs should I learn first?

Start with the two largest groups: Warning signs (52 signs) and Regulatory signs (39 signs).

Where do the sign pictures come from?

They are U.S. federal artwork in the public domain, taken from Wikimedia Commons. The names and meanings are Permito’s own wording.

Can I practice road signs in the app?

Yes. Every state’s question set in the app has road sign questions, and the free plan includes every road sign. This website only explains the signs.

Is this the state road sign test?

No. This is a study reference. Permito is not affiliated with any DMV or government agency, and a state test may word a sign question differently.

Practice the rest in the app

Permito has a much larger question set for every state listed here, mock exams, a readiness score and an explanation for every answer. It is free to start and needs no account.

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